Government’s Coronavirus measures – March 2020

The Budget statement on 11th March 2020 from the new Chancellor, Rishi Sunak, included £7 billion of expenditure targeting the impact of Coronavirus on employees, the self-employed and businesses. On 17th March a further set of coronavirus measures was announced, amounting to an additional £20 billion of support expenditure plus £330 billion of loan guarantees. By 20th March another round of support was announced of such size that no price tag was attached. On 26th March the awaited package for the self-employed was announced.

The Chancellor’s statement on 17th March was accompanied by a repeated promise that he would do “whatever it takes” to counter the impact of the virus. Three days later, his second statement gave an indication of how large ‘whatever it takes’ is becoming, with potentially even more to come.

Below is a summary of the key announcements so far for businesses and individuals.

Measures for businesses 

Coronavirus job retention scheme (CJRS)
Under the CJRS, “HMRC will reimburse 80% of furloughed workers’ wage costs, up to a cap of £2,500 per month’. In this context ‘furloughed workers’ are non-working employees who are kept on the payroll, rather than being made redundant. The employer must designate these employees and submit relevant information to HMRC via a “new online portal”.

Statutory sick pay (SSP)
Businesses with fewer than 250 employees will be refunded the full cost of providing SSP to any employee off work for up to 14 days because of coronavirus.

Loan guarantees
A government-backed loan guarantee scheme announced in the Budget has since been twice enhanced. The government will now provide loan guarantees up to “an initial” £330 billion for all sizes of businesses.

• For large firms, the Bank of England is launching a Covid Corporate Financing Facility (CCFF), which “will provide funding to businesses by purchasing commercial paper of up to one-year maturity, issued by firms making a material contribution to the UK economy”.
• For small and medium sized businesses, the loan limit on the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (originally announced in the Budget at £1.2 million) is now £5 million. No interest will be due for the first twelve months and lender-levied fees will be covered. The scheme will be delivered through commercial lenders, backed by the British Business Bank. Eligible SMEs must be UK-based with turnover of not more than £45 million and meet “the other British Business Bank eligibility criteria”.
• Deferral of VAT and Income tax payments
  For the period between 20th March 2020 and 30th June 2020, businesses will not be required to make a VAT payment. Instead they will be able to defer this payment until the end of the 2020/21. VAT refunds and reclaims will be paid by the government as normal. No applications will be required as the process will be automatic. For the self-employed, self-assessment income tax payments due on the 31st July 2020 (the second payment on account for 2019/20) will be deferred until the 31st January 2021. This also will not require an application. Penalties and interest for late payment will not be charged in the deferral period.

Business rates retail discount
All shops, cinemas, restaurants, music venues and business operating in the leisure and hospitality sectors will have no business rates to pay in 2020/21.

On 17th March the Chancellor also promised an additional cash grant of “up to £25,000 per business” to businesses with a rateable value of less than £51,000.

Businesses already eligible for small business rates relief
There will be a flat £10,000 cash grant for each business that already benefits from zero or reduced business rates because of small business rate relief.

Off-payroll working in the private sector (IR35)
Also on 17th March, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, Steve Barker, said in a statement to the House of Commons that the start date for the new IR35 tax rules would be deferred to 6th April 2021.

Time to Pay (TTP)
In the Budget, the Chancellor announced that HMRC would scale up its Time To Pay service, giving businesses and the self-employed the chance to defer tax payments.

Measures for individuals

Mortgage holidays
For people who find themselves in financial difficulties because of coronavirus, mortgage lenders will offer at least a three-month mortgage holiday.

Statutory sick pay (SSP)
SSP is currently paid at the rate of £94.25 a week, rising to £95.85 from April. It is now available to employees from day one, instead of day four, for those who are suffering from the virus or who have been advised to self-isolate. So far there has been no change in the minimum earnings threshold for SSP (£118 a week currently, rising to £120 a week in 2020/21).

Individuals ineligible for SSP
Self-employed and gig economy workers generally do not qualify for SSP. Instead they may be entitled to Contributory Employment and Support Allowance.

Covid-19 sufferers and self-isolators will be able to claim the benefit from day one instead of day eight. The minimum income floor in Universal Credit (UC) has been temporarily removed to make sure that time off work because of sickness is reflected in benefits.

For 12 months from 6th April 2020, the standard allowance in Universal Credit (UC) and the basic element in Working Tax Credit (WTC) will be increased by the equivalent of about £20 a week over and above planned annual uprating (which were £323.22 per month for UC for age 25 and over and £1,995 a year for WTC). This effectively brings UC into line with the rate of SSP. The change will apply to all new and existing UC claimants and to existing WTC claimants.

Housing benefit
Housing benefit and the housing element of UC will be increased so that the local housing allowance will cover at least 30% of market rents.

Hardship fund
In the Budget, the Chancellor announced a £500 million Hardship fund, which would be distributed to local authorities so that they could support the vulnerable.

Updated government Covid-19 guidance on business support is here and for employees is here.